The report provides a comprehensive analysis of Europe-East Asia interdependences (in terms of relative economic weights, trade and financial integration, trade and financial flows, exchange rate and wealth transfers). The prime motivation of the paper is that linkages between Europe and East...

This paper studies external deficits in the Baltics between 1995 and 2007.It uses a calibrated small-open-economy dynamic general equilibrium model incorporating a financial accelerator to assess to what extent deficits can be explained by productivity growth, fall in spreads and increasing...

This paper considers the potential impact of a shift in official foreign reserves from dollars to euros using a global DSGE model. This paper uses QUEST III, a multi-region global DSGE model, to study the macroeconomic effects of a gradual equalization of official foreign reserves between...

The Netherlands is almost a textbook-case of an open economy that is highly integrated in the world economy in terms of both financial flows and trade. Its current account has been persistently in surplus for over three decades and the surplus is one of the highest as in percentage of GDP of the...

This paper proposes to examine whether and how the introduction of the euro changed the impact of taxes on the economy or influenced the direction of tax policy. The paper surveys potential theoretical channels through which tax policy and exchange rate regimes are interrelated (capital...

The introduction of the euro was the world's largest economic ‘experiment.' This experiment opens the door to a major advance in our understanding of how a  common currency affects economic activity. When it comes to the euro's trade effects the first contribution of this report is to...

The purpose of the present paper is to review the sources of France's trade surplus in recent years and to attribute trade balance movements strictly to those determinants of trade flows suggested by economic theory. These determinants are price and/or cost developments, and demand in France and...

Summary for non-specialistsThanks to policies that are geared towards opening up borders, the GCC countries have imparted a significant stimulus to the world economy, to a much greater extent than other oil exporting countries in similar conditions. The development of the gross capital flows in...

This paper estimates the economic impact of the actual implementation of the Services Directive across the Member States based on the new data on barriers to cross-border provision and to establishment for the periods before and after the Directive. It is however still an updated prediction or...