We construct a time-varying factor model of hedge fund returns that accounts for market risk, leverage, illiquidity and tail events. We also adjust for database biases arising from voluntary self-reporting. Using a constant beta model, we find no evidence of excess returns for the average hedge...

Little empirical work has been done on the return properties of infrastructure as an asset class despite increased allocations by institutional investors. Managers claim infrastructure investments offer real return benefits via a combination of monopolistic and defensive assets. We build a...

Existing research suggests the average private equity* manager does not create excess returns over public markets net of fees. We confirm this result using a factor model that allows for leverage, illiquidity and volatility clustering. The model explains 70 to 90 per cent of the variation in...