teams and run for an hour. This allows us not only to study the individual relationship between age and performance but also … performance goes down with age, although the speed-age gradient is rather flat. Group performance goes down with age as well, but … interestingly a counterbalancing force emerges, namely team dynamics that are driven by performance of runners who enter and leave. …

We analyze the performance outcomes of National Hockey League (NHL) players over 18 seasons (1990-1991 to 2007-2008) as … chiefly by supply-side factors in the form of excess cohort competition and not quality differences since the performance of … cohorts. Performance-adjusted wage losses for those born in large birth cohorts are therefore greater than the raw estimates …

competitiveness of the environment and there is no significant difference in performance in the real-effort task across the …