This paper analyzes empirically the channels through which university research affects industry innovation. We examine … innovation systems. We find that creation of a new university department increased regional innovation activity 3-4 years later …

" to "universities of innovation." Policy makers and universities themselves see that one of their major roles is … supporting industrial innovation and thus economic growth. We argue that this rests on a mis-cconception of the nature of … innovation and the value of universities. We argue that a more appropriate function for this institution is as the "university of …

Innovation is a source of increasing productivity, but it is also a source of stress. Psychological research shows that … different rates of innovation on productivity. The model shows among other things that the existence and nature of relationships … of people determine the extent to which a certain rate of innovation effectively results in increasing productivity. In …

that firms' knowledge bases must "fit" in order for joint learning and innovation to be possible, and thus for an alliance …