include measures of innovation outcomes as well as variables related to innovation effort. The main indicator of innovation … outputs is patents. The main variables related to innovation inputs are investment in research and development (R&D) and … of innovation outputs and inputs by looking at the over-time behavior of the relevant series and comparing the …

"Using a new global data base on patents and innovation inputs, the authors examine the process of knowledge creation … developing countries by testing for the impact of measures of the functioning of the national innovation system-the set of …

"It is so widely recognized that innovation is a key driver of economic growth that it is cliche to say so. This … article studies product innovation by firms with data from 68 countries, covering more than 25,000 firms in eight … manufacturing sectors. The author assesses the predictions of inter-disciplinary research on innovation by firms. The econometric …

negative relationship between the concentration of innovation portfolios and performance: countries that are the most …

the empirical relationship between economic development and (1) inside-the-frontier-innovation as reflected by the …-the-frontier innovation as reflected in patents. The data suggest, unsurprisingly, that inside-the-frontier innovation is more common among … changes in the industrial composition of exports. The authors use a simple model of innovation and imitation to test the …

the region to understand the role of innovation in development"--World Bank web site …