Cross-holding (vertical quasi-integration) is often characterized as a major organizational failure in the Brazilian petrochemical industry. This paper aims to identify if there is governance misalignment in three periods: the end of the 1980's and 1990's, and after the founding of Braskem, in...

The aim of this paper is to analyze the innovating effort of the Brazilian industrial firms, which comprises manufacturing and mining activities. Why do Brazilian industrial firms differ strongly in their effort to innovate? Our hypothesis is that these differences in firms' behavior to innovate...