In a narrow sense, this paper has a dual focus land and the settle- ment form generally referred to as the city. My specific concern is their relationship to each other and to the structural changes that define the transformation of the larger economy. Land at base is a production factoi' whose...

The end ofWorld War II marked the birth of the modern chemical industry. From that time synthetic rubbers, fibers, and complex organohalogens have been produced in large commercial quan- tities, such that each member of modern society is exposed to chemicals of exotic physiocheniical activity....

In this paper I will focus on risk controversies of a familiar type: Someone in one locale is concerned about being seriously injured as a result of human activities carried on elsewhere. The discussion will be limited to risks that are unintentional in the sense that no one is deliberately...

It is commonly assumed that private property rights are incompati- ble with the preservation of such environmental and recreational amenities as our national parks and that governmental ownership is therefore required. This paper takes a different approach and ar- gues that private alternatives...

Law is a set of commands; the principles of tort or criminal law, which we shall be dealing with, are negative commands or prohibi- tions, on the order of “thou shalt not†do actions, X, Y, or Z.1 In short, certain actions are considered wrong to such a degree that it is considered...

In 1972 Congress established the Federal Water Pollution Control Act in which the Environmental Protection Agency was given responsibility to “restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation’s waters.’’ Two national goals of...

Growth of the governmental regulation of economic activities since the depression is normally associated with industrial produc- tion.’ Indeed, pollution controls, work-safety requirements, and antitrust actions have recently been cited as contributing to declin- ing productivity and...

Conflict over the use and management of America’s forest lands and resources intensified during the 1970s, with debates over the use of the undeveloped lands inventoried by the Forest Service, the divi- sion of lands in Alaska, the establishment and expansion of certain national parks...

What is pollution? According to Peter H. Aranson, “Public policy regards as pollution any man-made or naturally occurring substance (for example, smoke or sewage) or condition (for exam- ple, noise, heat, or radiation) that is believed to threaten human health or economic welfare...

Economists have long believed that government’s tax and expendi- ture policy either is, or can readily be made to be, neutral to the market. Free-market economists have advocated such neutrality of government, and even economists favoring redistributive actions by government have believed...