Co-operation, knowledge co-creation and exchange are core components of modern economic models of innovation development. Intensity and efficiency of linkages is widely considered as one of the major determinants of innovation system performance. This paper presents empirical estimates of the...

The paper provides an overview of the most common Foresight tools and demonstrates examples of their implementation in developed countries. It also presents the Russian experience of Foresight studies conducted at the national level. Note: Downloadable document is in Russian.

Federal law on Autonomous Institutions that governs its creation and functioning in social sphere, was adopted in November 2006 after three years of discussions between the authorities and professional societies. The complexity of the practical implementation of the law that its provisions...

Several years ago the authorities of Bashkortostan set the goal: to develop a strategy of innovative development of the republic, and to identify its priorities. After analyzing the capabilities and experience of its use in other countries, Foresight was chosen as a tool for effective...

The paper presents the current state of research and innovation in France, describes the approaches to S&T policy, analyses tools for support of innovation and technological development. There are continuing problems of interaction between universities and research institutions in France that...

During the Soviet period there was no need to develop special laws on science and innovation. Exceptions were taken by separate rules governing the work of scientists. Innovations were introduced into production with support from the government. Particularly effectively - in the...

Open innovation is the process of joint market promotion of new products and services and creation of new business opportunities by the knowledge exchange between partners. In recent years this innovation practice is becoming more common. The paper describes the preconditions for its emergence...

This paper sets about identifying different and complex innovation practices across nine countries by exploring data from firm level innovation surveys conducted in nine countries: Austria, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, France, New Zealand, Norway, South Korea and the United Kingdom. Our results...

The small performers, whose costs for R&D are less than 100 thousand dollars per year, consist more than half of total organisations involved in R&D in Canada. This vast segment includes companies of all sizes (both in number of employees and amount of income), and employs seven percent of all...

Many developed economies, industries and companies have to struggle with the consequences of weak economic growth, market saturation and overproduction arising out of the time frames of economic cycles. Panacea for sluggish growth is usually seen in new technologies, innovation and economic...