Drawing on two large German representative data sets, we analyze the role of works councils for the use of performance … appraisals (PA). We distinguish between the incidence of performance appraisal systems as intended by the firm and their actual …. Employees working in establishments with a works council are more likely to face a formal performance appraisal procedure. Works …

importance of individual, team, and company performance for compensation, we find a significant positive relation between the …

mitigated by pay-for-performance incentives for managers who decide upon promotion. Second, we analyze matched employer … indeed substantially higher when managers receive performance-related pay or participate in gain sharing plans …

We investigate the causal effect of conversations about performance and performance pay implementing a 2x2 field … experiment in a retail chain. In the performance pay treatments, managers receive a bonus for profit increases. In the … performance review treatments, managers have regular meetings with their supervisors discussing their activities to increase …