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Culture, institutions and the wealth of nations

Gorodnichenko, Yuriy; Roland, Gerard - 2010

-collectivism. The model predicts that more individualism leads to more innovation because of the social rewards associated with … innovation in an individualist culture. This cultural effect may offset the negative effects of bad institutions on growth … individualism on growth through innovation. Using genetic data as instruments for culture we provide strong evidence of a causal …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010274699

The shift to services : a review of the literature

Schettkat, Ronald; Yocarini, Lara - 2003

The present paper provides an overview of literature on the shift to services. It follows the three dimensions of structural change - final demand, the inter-industry division of labor and inter-industry productivity differences. It first looks at the ?classics?, however (Fisher (1935), Clark...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010261657

Nascent Entrepreneurs

Wagner, Joachim - 2004

Nascent entrepreneurs are people who are engaged in creating new ventures. This chapter reviews the international evidence on how many of them are there around the world, what they are doing, who they are, what makes them different, and which ones see their vision through to eventual start-up.

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010262041

Innovation and employment: a survey

Vivarelli, Marco - 2007

According to the compensation theory, market forces should assure a complete compensation of the initial labour-saving impact of process innovations. In this paper a critique of this approach is proposed through a detailed survey of the theoretical and empirical literature on the subject. The...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010267790

Better means more: property rights and high-growth aspiration entrepreneurship

Estrin, Saul; Korosteleva, Julia; Mickiewicz, Tomasz - 2009

This paper contrasts the determinants of entrepreneurial entry and high-growth aspiration entrepreneurship. Using the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) surveys for 42 countries over the period 1998-2005, we analyse how institutional environment and entrepreneurial characteristics affect...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010271286

Effort and comparison income: experimental and survey evidence

Clark, Andrew E.; Masclet, David; Villeval, Marie-Claire - 2006

This paper considers the effect of status or relative income on work effort combining experimental evidence from a gift-exchange game with ISSP survey data. We find a consistent negative effect of others' incomes on individual effort in both datasets. The individual's rank in the income...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010272020

Potential, prizes and performance : testing tournament theory with professional tennis data

Sunde, Uwe - 2003

This paper tests two hypotheses from the theory of elimination tournaments: (i) that uneven tournaments, where the contestants are ex ante heterogeneous, entail lower effort exertion; this is a prediction from agency theory that has not been tested empirically before; and (ii) whether incentives...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010261647

The Brain Drain: Curse or Boon?

Commander, Simon; Kangasniemi, Mari; Winters, L. Alan - 2003

The migration of skilled individuals from developing countries has typically been considered to be costly for the sending country, due to lost investments in education, high fiscal costs and labour market distortions. Economic theory, however, raises the possibility of a beneficial brain drain...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010261546

International Migration in the Long-Run : Positive Selection, Negative Selection and Policy

Hatton, Timothy J.; Williamson, Jeffrey G. - 2004

Most labor scarce overseas countries moved decisively to restrict their immigration during the first third of the 20th century. This autarchic retreat from unrestricted and even publiclysubsidized immigration in the first global century before World War I to the quotas and bans introduced...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010262050

A dual policy paradox: why have trade and immigration policies always differed in labor-scarce economies?

Hatton, Timothy J.; Williamson, Jeffrey G. - 2006

Today's labor-scarce economies have open trade and closed immigration policies, while a century ago they had just the opposite, open immigration and closed trade policies. Why the inverse policy correlation, and why has it persisted for almost two centuries? This paper seeks answers to this dual...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010267932