The article presents a historical review of the literature related to the empirical problem of excessive risk premium. The risk premium (the difference between the return on equities and risk-free rate) observed in financial markets cannot be reconciled with theoretical models of financial...

This paper studies security markets with trading frictions, and offers a complete characterization of viable convex cost systems. For frictional markets that give rise to a convex-cone traded-payoff span and a sublinear payoff cost functional, the following three conditions are equivalent:...

There is no consensus in the literature as to which model should be used to estimate stock returns and the cost of capital in the emerging markets. The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), which is most often used for this purpose in the developed markets, has a poor empirical record and is...

This paper examines both the linear and nonlinear causal relationships between crude oil price changes and stock market returns for the United States. In particular, the study applied a battery of unit root tests to ascertain the time series properties of crude oil price changes and stock market...

We use heterogeneous autoregressive (HAR) model with high-frequency data of Hu-Shen 300 index to investigate the volatility-volume relationship via the volatility decomposition approach. Although we find that the continuous component of daily volatility is positively correlated with trading...

This study investigates the effect of audit quality on accrual reliability of listed companies on Tehran Stock Exchange. In order to determine audit quality has been used of two criteria of auditor level and auditor commission period and due to calculate accrual reliability in following of...

The aim of this paper is to generalize Heath, Jarrow and Morton (1992, Econometrica) model of the term structure of interest rates within a jumpdiffusion formework. This is achieved by assuming that the forward rate process has a Levy jump component with general jump size distributions....

This paper examines both the linear and nonlinear causal relationships between crude oil price changes and stock market returns for the United States. In particular, the study applied a battery of unit root tests to ascertain the time series properties of crude oil price changes and stock market...

The Black's leverage effect hypothesis postulates that a negative stock return innovation increases the financial leverage of a firm since the value of equity decreases at a given level of debt, which, in turn, creates a higher equity return volatility in the future. The paper is aimed at...