In this paper, multinationals’ motivations for R&D in China are compared across firms’ home countries. It is found that five types of companies (Europe, Japan, the other Asia, US and Taiwan, Hong Kong or Macau owned) can be grouped into two. Europe, Japan and the other Asia for...

This paper studies how offering patents as collateral　influences the decisions of Chinese lenders and determines features that make patents more acceptable as collateral. We develop a lending model incorporating a borrower’s likelihood of default, the value of patents offered as collateral,...

This paper investigates whether patent subsidy programs aimed at promoting regional innovations have aroused a large number of low-quality applications in China and created biased patent statistics as an indicator for innovations. We found that patent filing fee subsidies encouraged filing of...