Since initially steaming from von Thünen's work (1826), bid-rent approach has been rigorously applied to analyze land use configuration. Alonso (1964), Muth (1969), Beckman (1973), Solow (1973), and Fujita (1989) are among the scientists who greatly contributed to forward von Thünen's theory...

Since decade 80`s, colonies of illegal settlements began rapidly increasing in many urban areas of cities in Indonesia. During the decade, urban population living in slum areas was recorded about 54% of total urban population particularly in mega cities of Indonesia. Nonetheless, that percentage...