The aim of present paper is to re-investigate the long-run and causal relationship between electricity consumption, income, financial development, population and foreign trade in Portugal using the bounds testing approach to cointegration within the unrestricted error-correction model (UECM)....

The paper explores the existence and the stability of Phillips curve for North Cyprus, a small developing economy, using time series data. ADF unit root test is employed to check for stationarity. ARDL and DOLS approaches to cointegration have been used to explore the long run relation and ECM...

The paper examines the relationship between financial development and income inequality; and also explores if the Greenwood and Jovianvich (GJ) hypothesis applies to Pakistan. Using data from 1971 to 2005, the paper implements the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach to...

The simultaneous exports and imports of a product within country or a particular industry called intra-industry trade (IIT) or two-way trade. In the recent years, the government of Pakistan had realized factors to liberalize the international trade. The literature of international economics...

The paper investigates whether financial instability weakens finance-growth nexus in case of Pakistan. In doing so ARDL bounds testing approach is used for cointegration among variables over the period of 1971-2005. The results show that financial instability does weaken finance-growth nexus....

The analysis shows cointegration between exports, economic growth and financial development in case of Pakistan. The results that economic growth and financial development stimulate rate of exports growth in Pakistan. The causality analysis reveals bidirectional causal relationship between...

The paper investigates whether financial instability weakens finance-growth nexus in case of Pakistan. In doing so ARDL bounds testing approach is used for cointegration among variables over the period of 1971-2005. The results show that financial instability does weaken finance-growth nexus....

This study explores the affect of India's exchange rate with US on Indian trade balance over the period of 1965-2008. We use ARDL bounds testing approach to cointegration and for dynamic analysis IRFs and VDs. For dynamic analysis impulse response functions and variance decompositions are used....

The present aims to explore the relationship between financial instability and environmental degradation within multivariate framework using time series data for the period1972-2009 in case of Pakistan. The long run relationship is investigated by ARDL bounds testing approach to cointegration,...