literature on international trade, foreign direct investment (FDI), economic geography, and innovation, and compares these with … development, and on the innovation capability of countries. …

The fact that Europe is lagging behind in comparison with its main competitors in the research and innovation … finally the follow-up communication of the Commission presenting a broad-based innovation strategy for the EU. …

Many writers have claimed that R&D has two 'faces'. In addition to the conventional role of stimulating innovation, R … important in this catch up process as well as stimulating innovation directly. Trade, by contrast, plays a more modest role in …

Firms compete increasingly in an open innovation environment. Search strategies for external knowledge become therefore … are built through internal or external R&D activities) and the munificence of its innovation environment. We test these … its breadth. Moreover, we find that scarce innovation environments favor deep search strategies while breadth is more …

their inward looking or exploitation attitude in R&D and innovation. We argue that because of sunk costs and learning …. Among other things, this suggests that exploration, which leads to the opening of new innovation trajectories, requires not …

Companies face an expanding set of choices about where to locate their innovation activity, both within their home … of innovation activity: almost by definition, multiple locations per firm imply some degree of decentralization. Using … firm-level data on innovation output and the location of research and development (R&D) activity, we shed new light on the …