To address competition from Emerging and Industrialized Countries it is necessary for Italian companies to face structural and financial reforms. Structural reforms will affect and improve processes, products. They will upgrade knowledge transfer. At the same time, financial reforms are...

This paper studies the diffusion of multiple related technologies among firms. The results suggest an endogenous acceleration mechanism for technology adoption: The more advanced a firm is in using a particular set of technologies, the more likely it is to adopt additional related technologies....

This study investigates China’s tedious but patient path to development. Starting with the milestone year 1985, China’s first major step was to completely reform its science and technology (S&T) management system. This was followed up with the implementation of an ambitious long-term...

Uncertainty about long-term climate policy is a major driving force in the evolution of the carbon market price. Since this price enters the investment decision process of regulated firms, this uncertainty increases the cost of capital for investors and might deter investments into new...

Uncertainty about long-term climate policy is a major driving force in the evolution of the carbon market price. Since this price enters the investment decision process of regulated firms, this uncertainty increases the cost of capital for investors and might deter invest-ments into new...

This survey reviews the empirical literature on the impact of environmental policy instruments on the rate and direction of technological change. The survey is explicitly focused on the empirical identification of the hypothesis to expect a stronger impact from market-based incentives than from...

This article shows that in the presence of environmental externalities, it may be welfare enhancing to overcome a technological lock-in by a deadend technology through governmental intervention. It is socially desirable to subsidize a dead-end technology if its environmental externality is small...

This article shows that in the presence of environmental externalities, it may be welfare enhancing to overcome a technological lock-in by a dead- end technology through governmental intervention. It is socially desirable to subsidize a dead-end technology if its environmental externality is...

This paper aims to help policy makers identify how standards can contribute to the effective and cost-efficient development and deployment of eco-innovations (innovations that result in a reduction of environmental impact). To that end we discuss what standards are, how the process of...