This study investigates the potential trade flows between developing (DCs) and least developed countries (LDCs) as a result of tariff liberalization using a computable general equilibrium model called the GTAP-model. Both unilateral and bilateral tariff liberalization has been examined and...

To date, government procurement has been effectively carved out of the main multilateral rules of the WTO system. This paper examines the systemic and other ramifications of this exclusion, from both an economic and a legal point of view. In addition to relevant elements of the WTO Agreements,...

In this chapter I explain an innovative modeling approach that incorporates services, foreign direct investment (FDI) and endogenous productivity effects from services. I begin with a small stylized model to help understand the fundamental economics. The model shows that services liberalization...

The WTO's plurilateral Agreement on Government Procurement ("the GPA" or "the Agreement") is an important ongoing success story for the Organization. In March 2012, the GPA Parties completed a comprehensive revision of the Agreement, encompassing both its text and coverage (market access...

The study aimed to empirically analyse GCC’s trade patterns based on the gravity model. Gravity model is derived from physics and is used to explain the bilateral flow of trade determined by GDP per capita, population, and distance. It is assumed that trade flow between the two countries is...

In this article, we draw some optimistic, socio-liberal conclusions about Islam in the world system. Countering some alarmist voices in the West, neither migration nor Muslim culture are to be blamed for the contemporary crisis, but the very nature of unequal capitalist accumulation and...

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to examine the implications of the Uruguay Round Agreements for domestic economic policy in developing countries, particularly those in the Asia Pacific region. Apart from trade liberalization these Agreements have also extended multilateral rules and...

As we can understand with the spread of GVCs, a lot of new questions emerge regarding the measurement of participation and positioning in the globalised production process. The World Development Report (WDR) 2020 explains the GVC phenomenon and then focus on participation and the prospects...