The purpose of this paper is to introduce a suitable methodology for estimating the extent to which less developed countries — namely Tunisia — that hardly invest in research and development benefit from R&D that is conducted in industrial countries. In this study we use the imports of...

The question of industrial policy has gained prominence in the policy agenda over the last decade, despite its persistently ambiguous and incomplete definition. What is the effect of an inadequate definition and implementation of industrial policy for structural transformation in underdeveloped...

Innovation can be a source of competitive advantage for companies, either through the improvement of methods and techniques capable of generating new products or services, or perfecting existing ones. Along these lines, it is particularly important to measure innovation and discuss the results...