Scientific researchers usually announce their achievements in conferences, magazines, and patent offices. Our study was initiated to improve the ascending ratio of research article publishing versus invention patent filing. World development relies, amongst others, upon two innovation...

The amount of greenhouse gas emissions and consequent climate changes and social responses will depend substantially upon the rapid development and widespread dissemination of a wide variety of new mitigation and adaptation technologies. The international approach adopted by the UN Framework...

The implementation of patent law in the emerging market countries is having an impact on the international patent system. First, it is apparent that the principal emerging market economies are not strictly adhering to the patent regimen of the USA, Europe and Japan, but are instead adapting...

When are too many Open Source Licenses enough? There is a need to reduce the number of Open Source Licenses that are available, in the Open Source Software license weltanschauung. However there are arguments for the need to add to the suite of licenses because of the failure of the available...

In the last decades, innovation activity has been defined by an increasing complexity and a faster pace of the underlying technological change. Accordingly, several studies have shown that competitive systems of innovation benefit from being able to build upon a wide but integrated spectrum of...

This paper uses a large language model to develop an ex-ante measure of the commercial potential of scientific findings. In addition to validating the measure against the typical holdout sample, we validate it externally against 1.) the progression of scientific findings through a major...

We study the prevalence and traits of global collaborative patents for U.S. public companies, where the inventor team is located both within and outside of the United States. Collaborative patents are frequently observed when a corporation is entering into a new foreign region for innovative...

Release of the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) Office Action Research Dataset for Patents marks the first time that comprehensive data on examiner-issued rejections are readily available to the research community. An “Office action” is a written notification to the...