Stocks with high idiosyncratic volatility perform poorly relative to low idiosyncratic volatility stocks. We offer a novel explanation of this anomaly based on real options, which is consistent with earlier findings on idiosyncratic volatility (the positive contemporaneous relation between...

Expected utility functions are limited to second-order (conditional) risk aversion, while non-expected utility functions can exhibit either first-order or second-order (conditional) risk aversion. We extend the concept of orders of conditional risk aversion to orders of conditional dependent...

Standard risk management approaches fail to consider parameter uncertainty, which has led to improper risk management. Blind faith in parameter estimates has too often led to blind faith in the resulting VAR outputs, and when these estimates are too often exceeded the proposed solution is...

This paper proposes a risk measure, based on first-passage probability, which reflects intra-horizon risk in jump models with finite or infinite jump activity. Our empirical investigation shows, first, that the proposed risk measure consistently exceeds the benchmark Value-at-Risk (VaR). Second,...

Prior research has documented the role of information uncertainty in the cross-sectional variation in stock returns. Miller (1977) hypothesizes that if information uncertainty is caused by differences of opinion, prices will reflect only the positive beliefs due to short-sale constraints. These...

This paper examines the annual risks and returns of three disparate, hypothetical merger arbitrage portfolio strategies as an attempt to capture alpha from an in-sample study of 793 global M&A transactions covering the January 2000 thru December 2016 time period. Previously written and...

We study the trading behavior of short sellers in the presence of economic policy uncertainty (EPU). Daily short selling activity at either the aggregate level or the individual stock level is increasing in the EPU index (Baker, Bloom and Davis, 2016). EPU has great explanatory power for short...

We study the relationship between stock market return expectations and risk aversion of individuals and test whether the joint effects arising from the interaction of these two variables affect investment decisions. Using data from the Dutch National Bank Household Survey, we find that risk...

We present a durable consumption-based asset pricing model with Epstein-Zin preferences and the pricing kernel accommodating the long-run consumption risk. Consumption growth includes a small predictable component as in Bansal and Yaron (2004). The model is estimated with simple econometric...

We discuss the finding that cross-sectional characteristic based models have yielded portfolios with higher excess monthly returns but lower risk than their arbitrage pricing theory counterparts in an analysis of equity returns of stocks listed on the JSE. Under the assumption of general...