The present study aims to examine the relationship between dividend policy and earnings management by explicitly considering the role of the agency problem and financing constraints. The sample comprises 3250 non-financial Chinese listed firms from 2009 to 2018. This study uses fixed- and random...

This chapter reviews the state of the international trade literature on multinational firms. This literature addresses three main questions. First, why do some firms operate in more than one country while others do not? Second, what determines in which countries production facilities are...

Demand estimates are essential for addressing a wide range of positive and normative questions in economics that are known to depend on the shape-and notably the curvature-of the true demand functions. The existing frontier approaches, while allowing flexible substitution patterns, typically...

Die bisherige Forschung zum Zusammenhang zwischen Überqualifikation und individueller Leistungserbringung hat überqualifizierte Mitarbeitende weitestgehend isoliert betrachtet. Die vorliegende Studie beleuchtet diesen Wirkungszusammenhang aus einem geänderten Blickwinkel, indem eine...

This study presents a model in which firms invest in research and development (R&D) to generate innovations that increase their underlying profitability and invest in physical capital to produce output. Estimating the model using a method of moments approach reveals that R&D expenditures...

Industrial houses and governments of different countries and groups spend a sizeable amount of their earnings upon research and development activities to create new products and obtain patents for them. The short-run motive is to get patents, and the long-run motive is to influence income growth...

This paper provides a survey and synthesis of econometric tools that have been employed to study economic growth. While these tools range across a variety of statistical methods, they are united in the common goals of first, identifying interesting contemporaneous patterns in growth data and...

R&D subsidized loans ( tiexi daikuan ) is an effective market-driven solution to promote firms' R&D outputs, including patent applications and new product sales, in China. However, empirical examination on the effects of subsidized loans is insufficient. Using a panel data of manufacturing firms...

This paper investigated the long run relationship between financial development and economic growth in South Korea using a four-variable Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model using time series data from 1961 to 2013. Applying unit root tests and co-integration analysis, the study revealed that real...