The aim of this paper is to investigate the causal relationship between electricity consumption and GDP growth for the kingdom of Bahrain during the period 1980–2008. By performing an error-correction model, our results reveal that electricity consumption and GDP are cointegrated. The granger...

This paper with the application of linear, nonlinear and long–run Granger causality tests, examines the causal links between the main Polish market price index (WIG) of the Warsaw Stock Exchange and four macroeconomic aggregates, namely the value of sold industrial production, the unemployment...

In the United States, recently the use of soybeans as an energy source has drawn attention. It is concerned in Japan that if the use of soybeans for energy keeps increasing, not only the price of conventional soybeans, which is used for soybean oil, but also the price of non-genetically modified...

The objective of this study is to investigate the causality between electricity consumption and economic growth for a panel of twelve MENA countries (seven energy exporters and five energy importers) over the period 1975–2010 within a bivariate framework. To examine this linkage, we applied...

This research examines dynamic causal relationships between per capita calorie intake, per capita income and food prices using time series data for Turkey during 1965-2007. ARDL cointegration analysis yields an income elasticity of calorie intake of 0.22, while the food-price elasticity is...

With the prime objective of learning from the fossil fuel based CO2 emissions-economic growth-world crude price nexus of a leading economy, the underpinning nature of the relationship among them is investigated for the United States (US). Autoregressive distributed lag bounds testing approach to...

This study attempts to examine empirically dynamic causal relationships between aggregate output, energy consumption, exports, capital and labour in the case of Turkey using the time series data for the period 1968-2008. This research tests the interrelationships between the variables using the...

The existence and direction of Granger causality between electricity consumption and economic growth, proxied by gross domestic product (GDP), has been investigated in this study using annual data covering the period 1971 to 2007. The results of the augmented Dickey-Fuller, GLS-detrended...

This study probes nexus between electricity consumption and GDP for the electricity community of Togo and Benin using ARDL bounds testing approach of cointegration. Long-run equilibrium has been established among these variables for Benin. The study further establishes long- and short-run...

This study is concerned with understanding the factors of life expectancy in Turkey for the period 1965-2005. The determinants of life expectancy in Turkey are related to selected social, economical and environmental factors. Bounds testing approach to cointegration is employed to compute the...