Does education make people more or less religious? The previous literature offers mixed findings on the relationship … between education and religiosity. This may be due to endogeneity bias: education and religiosity can be caused by a third … variable such as culture or upbringing. We instrument education by exposure to the 1997 education reform in Türkiye which …

the conditioning role played by the skills of the labour force, captured by different levels of education. We find that … stricter labour protection reduces labour productivity growth in sectors with a large share of workers with tertiary education …, whereas this effect is negligible or positive in sectors where workers with secondary or only primary education are more …