This paper analyses how financially included adults might become unbanked again. Agents of financial inclusion incorporate economic and social constraints in the delivery of formal financial services. These constraints limit the ability of poor banked adults to use basic financial services to...

This article critically assess digital finance as a pro-poor intervention in the development finance space. It examines the turn from ‘microfinance for the poor' to ‘digital finance for the poor'. It then considers three key issues and contest the argument that digital finance is pro-poor....

Recent literature argues that stock market liberalisation has positive long- and short-run effects on macroeconomic growth and private investment, respectively. However, given a sample of up to 64 countries from 1981 through 1998, positive results for long-run growth are largely dependent on the...

This paper presents an empirical analysis of the controversial relationship between financial system development and economic development. Using cointegration and VAR estimations on annual data from Africa, we examine the nature of the relationship between financial development and income. We...

This report discusses key issues around the mobilization of private capital for development. Investment requirements are huge, especially for infrastructure, climate and other SDG-related investments. External finance for developing countries stagnated in the years before the pandemic, followed...

In this research paper we investigated the determinants likely to influence the adoption of mobile banking services, with a special focus on under banked/unbanked low-income population of Pakistan. The adoption of mobile banking services has been a strategic goal, both for banks and telcos. For...

The empowerment of the poor through cell phones is this paper’s central theme. There already exist a number of cases in the world where such empowerment has already occurred in the financial sector through the usage of cell phones: the cases provided throughout the paper are Kenya, the...

Colombia has a low level of financial depth. Efforts have been made by governments and the private sector in recent years to encourage the development of models which might provide enhanced access to financial services. These financial inclusion plans are based on creating access channels that...

The low levels of banking penetration in the Mexican population, as compared to other Latin American countries, present the challenge of increasing the range of financial services towards new markets through the use of technological advances and innovative channels. Mobile phones are an...