transmission of cultural values that have endured into the present and set the economic history of China apart from that of Europe …

This paper studies the causes and consequences of political centralization and fragmentation in China and Europe. We … argue that a severe and unidirectional threat of external invasion fostered centralization in China while Europe faced a … and hence faster population growth during peacetime compared to Europe. But it also meant that China was more vulnerable …

We provide a new framework to account for the diverging paths of political development and state building in China and … adopt new technologies, but also fundamentally threatened the national sovereignty of both Qing China and Tokugawa Japan. We … conflicting demands on geographically larger states. We use our theory to study why China, which had been centralized for much of …

Broadberry, Guan and Li (2018) made estimates for China's GDP per capita from 980 to 1840 in order to date the onset of … the Great Divergence between China and western European economies. In response to Solar's (2021) criticisms, they (2021 … for China's population and its implications for dating the Great Divergence. This working paper assesses their revisions …

to China's industrialization, called the "largest technology transfer in human history" by some, still awaits detailed … measured anew, and that the impact of the alliance on Eastern Europe awaits further research. Finally, the influence of the …

Sino-Indian relationship also called Indo China relations refers to international relationship between the ‘Peoples … Republic of China and the Republic of India. The economic and diplomatic importance of China and India which are two of the … oldest civilization and have coexisted in peace for millennia. China and India are two of the populous states in the world …

The People's Republic of China (PRC) has a long-standing territorial claim on the Republic of China (ROC), more …, recommendations, and suggestions for further research are provided. Force data for both China and Taiwan is derived from credible open …