This study attempts to measure the relative significance of structural shocks in explaining inflation. We use monthly time series data on key macroeconomic variables of Pakistan from July 1992 to June 2011, and structural vector auto-regressions (SVAR) to understand the role of supply and demand...

Food inflation hurts poor more than rich as poor spend higher proportion of their income on food items compared to rich. Higher global food and crude oil prices in 2008 resulted in higher (than historical average) food inflation in Pakistan. Global food inflation caused food inflation in...

Stochastic approach to index number (and its change) has recently attracted renewed attention of researchers as it provides the standard error of index number (and its change). One of the most important uses of index number is in the case of measurement of the general price level in an economy...

This paper estimates the size of informal economy in Pakistan by using monetary approach with some modifications, electricity consumption approach and MIMIC model. Under monetary approach, we take care of the issue of the stationarity of variables and use autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL)...

The financial system of a country comprises entities engaged in transactions involving financial instruments in money, capital, and foreign exchange markets. This sector has strong linkages with other sectors of the economy like external, fiscal and real sectors. The apex financial institution...

This paper examines empirical relationship between financial development and economic growth while incorporating the inflation rate effect on financial development for low income countries. The study focuses on both the indirect finance and the direct finance, separately as well as collectively....

Structural changes are quite common in macroeconomic time series. Moreover, any underlying macroeconomic relationship cannot be correctly specified unless we know the true model. Structural changes in time series and misspecification in empirical model are observed as shifts in the constant of...