This paper explores how equity market volatility are related with the Index of Economic Freedom for 22 emerging countries over 1995-2010 by considering the impacts of financial crisis. Consistent with theory, we find the overall economic freedom index and it components exert significant impacts...

During World War I (1914–1918) the birth rate in France fell by 50%. The corresponding deficit of births is estimated at 1.4 million, while military losses are estimated at 1.4 million too. Thus, the fertility decline doubled the demographic impact of the war. I construct a model of fertility...