Using vector autoregressions on U.S. time series, we find that technology shocks induce an ‘S’- shaped cross-correlation function for the trade balance and the terms of trade (S-curve). In calibrating a prototypical international business cycle model to match the S-curve under complete and...

Backus, Kehoe and Kydland in their analysis of the dynamic effect of terms of trade on the trade balance found that the lead and lag correlation between these two variables is S-shaped for a set of OECD countries. Furthermore, they show that this S-curve can be replicated by a two-country...

The composition and cyclical properties of imports are similar in developed economies and emerging economies (EM) but this is not the case for exports. Unlike developed economies, (i) EM export few or only a selective set of capital goods and (ii) capital good and overall exports tend to be...