The challenge of alignment and barriers for the design and implementation of science, technology and innovation policies for innovation systems in developing countries

This paper aims at shedding some light on the challenges of designing and implementing STI policies in developing countries. In particular, we discuss the problems of alignment of STI policies with the national economic development agenda, the alignment of innovation system policy with ST policies, the alignment of objectives and instruments with systemic problems as well as a proposed method for the identification of systemic problems in systems of innovation in developing countries.