This paper studies the economics behind the investment in information technologies (IT) by U.S. commercial banks in the past decade. By linking banks' IT spending to their lending technologies, we analyze the distinctive natures of banks' dealings with information across various lending...

Financial technology innovations (Fintech) are changing the provision of traditional financial services. Although they bring with them various benefits and opportunities, they also have weaknesses and pose potential threats to financial systems. The paper examines the latest developments in the...

Over a decade has passed since a mysterious creator under the alias Satoshi Nakamoto (a pseudonym) launched Bitcoin in January 2009, who designed it as a decentralized (permissionless) purely peer-to-peer network of electronic cash that runs on blockchain using cryptography and distributed...

Modern manufacturing is under transformation: becoming more data-intensive and more tightly connecting operation to management. This paper investigates the game-changing paradigm, so-called 'smart factory', from an organizational perspective. A factory becomes smarter—or smartized—via the...

Using the German re-unification as a natural experiment, we analyze the role of increased competition in academic productivity. We employ a unique dataset on East and West German scientists' publications in fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) before and after the...

Unlike Central banks, cryptocurrencies can easily adjust their inflation rate with simple changes to code. Bitcoin, with a finite eventual supply of tokens, is increasingly gaining acceptance as an alternative long-term digital store of value with similar anti-inflationary characteristics to...

In the last two decades, the Information technologies have been developing at a very rapid pace as its products have become very popular and widespread due to their small size and low price. Apart from mobile phones, laptops and computers and network equipment, many and various digital...

Knowledge diffusion drives both technical progress and economic growth. In this study, we present a unique comparative case study that examines the diffusion of two comparable, foundational biotechnology inventions – recombinant DNA (rDNA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Using a variety...