The purpose of this study is to analyze the rates of R&D investments and taxes levied on profits of firms that can optimize the labor productivity of nations. Statistical evidence, based on OECD data, reveals that high rates of R&D intensity and tax on corporate profits do not maximize the labor...

This study suggests the concept of Metabolism of organization that explains how public organizations use and/or transform inputs (mainly public funding) to produce and supply products and services. This approach is useful for analyzing costs and supporting best practices of management to...

The term ‘incentive' (from Latin incentivum ‘something that sets the tune') is a tangible and/or intangible reward that motivates people and creates favorable environmental conditions to maximize performance to achieve specific goals in organization or competition and/or society

Institutional change explains the change of institutions considered as rules and expectations that govern human interactions and paths of development in society. This conceptual paper describes, with an historical perspective, the most important definitions of institution and of institutional...

This note presents a simple model to measure the relative economic growth of economic systems. The model considers S-Shaped pattern of economic growth which represented with a linear model provides information on how an economic system growth in comparison with another one. In particular, this...

What is a disruptive innovation? This study confronts this question here by presenting different approaches, which endeavor to explain the dynamic behavior of disruptive technologies in competitive markets. Firstly, this study introduces destructive technology as a radical innovation, based on...

This study suggests a new concept of technology that is a main element of the system of technological change in society: killer or disruptive technology is a based on new products and/or processes that destroys the usage of established products/processes sold and used. The behavior of killer...

Evolution of technology is a stepwise advancement of a complex system of artifact, driven by interaction with sub-systems and other systems, considering technical choices, technical requirements and science advances, which generate new and/or improved products or processes for use or consumption...

In this paper, a theory of innovation failure is proposed clarifying concepts and relationships between elements underlying a system failure of innovation. Theoretical framework suggests that three basic concepts each of which is a constituent element of the next in the following hierarchical...

A vast literature exists on disruptive technologies. However, some fundamental questions are unknown, such as: how to measure the growth of disruptive technologies in competitive markets? How is the pathway of technological cycle of disruptive innovations? The study confronts these questions...